gibbon



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. E. GIBBON. PETROLEUM 0R .HYDROGARBON ENGINE. TNO. 547,606.

Patented Oort. 8, 1895.

/ll//A//lll/ AN DREW B.GRAHAM. PHUYO'UTMQWASHINBTDN. DL

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-*Sheet 2.

W. E. GIBBON.. f PETROLEUM 0R HYDROGARBON ENGINE.

Patented oct.' 8; 1895.

Wnees. A 'rwmol afm NITED v STATES VILLIAM EDWARD GIBBON, OF COLCHESTER, ENGLAND.

PETROLEUM OR HYDROCARBON ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 547,606, dated October 8, 1895.

Application ledApril 10, 1895.V Serial No. 545,195. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM EDWARD GIBBON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Colchester, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Engines, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention relates to explosive engines.

According to my invention the combustionchamber, which is preferably of small diameter and circular in section, is provided with a jacket through which the air for mixing with the hydrocarbon vapor to form the eX- plosive charge is drawn in order to prevent the said chamber from becoming overheated, and at the same time to heat the air.

The vaporizer and igniter is in the form of a chamber, which is partly within the combustion chamber and partly without, the part of the igniter within the combustionchamber being surrounded by a shield or casing for preventing the air entering the combustion-chamber from coming into direct contact with the igniter and so cooling it. The part of the igniter projecting outside the combustion-chamber serves for the application of a lamp for initially heating the igniter when starting, and is also advantageously provided with internal ribs or vanes for collecting theheat of the lamp as much as pos-v sible. The liquid hydrocarbon is injected into this vaporizer by any suitable meansfor instance, bya pump. In connection with the combustion-chamber I arrange a valvebox containing a Valve or valves serving for controlling the admission of air into and the escape of the products of combustion from the combustion-chamber.

To enable my invention to be fully understood, I will describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a plan of an explosive engine having my improvements appliedv thereto; and Fig. 2 is a section of the same on the line 2 2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the valve-box detached from the engine; and Fig. 4c is a vertical section of -the valve-box, drawn to a larger ,scale than Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional view, also drawn to a larger scale, showing the arrangement of the oil-injecting pump in connection withv the vaporizer. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the plunger and pump-barrel of the said oil-injecting pump.

a is the framing of the engine, and b is the power-cylinder, which is provided with a water-jacket c in the usual manner.

CZ is the combustion-chamber, which is con nected to the cylinder b by a short neck or passage e, and which is preferably of much smaller diameter than the cylinder and placed parallel thereto, as shown in Fig. 2. With this arrangement the passage e can be formed in a cover which is common to both the cylinder and the combustion-chamber, so that by.removing the' said cover access is readily afforded to the interior of the said cylinder and of the combustion-chamber.

fis the jacket, surrounding the combustionchamber. g is the valve-box, and h is the Valve working therein and serving both as an air-inlet valve and as an exhaust-valve, the space t' above the valve communicating by the passage i directly with the interior of the combustion-chamber OZ, while the space beneath the valve is in communication through the ports jj and the pipe k with the jacket f and by the ports Z Zjwith the atmosphere, according to the positionof the valve h.

. m m are holes formed in the jacket f for admitting air thereinto for the formation of the explosive charges.

The valve h, which, as shown, is a mitervalve, is provided on-its under side with a hollow cylindrical extension, which lits within the valve-box g, and is provided with a series of circumferential apertures or openings an n2 as n4,'leaving thev solid rings o 0 o2 o3 o4, which'serve to control the ports jj Z Z. Any suitable means may be employed for operating the said valve; but in the drawings I have represented thevalve h as being operated by a cam p, mounted on a shaft making one revolution to two of the crank-shaft, the said cam being provided with a concentric portion p and with the two lifts p2jo3 and operating against a roller q on a lever q', arranged toimpnge against the end of the stem r of the valve h, a spring s being providedfor normally retaining the valve upon its seat. The operation of this valve is as follows: During the compression and combustion stroke .of the piston the valve t' is in the position shown in Fig. 4:, the roller q running upon the concentric part p of the cam p. When the exhaust stroke of the piston commences, the lift p2 of the cam lifts the valve h from its seat and places the apertures fait# of the cylin- ICO drical extension opposite to the ports Z Z, so that the gases from the cylinder b can pass under the Valve ZL into the cylindrical extension, and thence escape through the apertures a3 a4 and the ports Z Z to the atmosphere. During the time that the ports ZZare open the air-inlet ports jj are closed by the rings o o. On the completion of the exhaust stroke the lift p3 of the cam raises the valve still further, whereby the ports Z Z are closed by the rings o3 o4 and the apertures n n2 are brought opposite to the ports jj, whereby on the induction stroke of the engine air will be drawn through the holes m m into the jacket f, and thence through the pipe 7c and the ports jj into the valve-box, whence they pass into the cylinder l) through the aperture t" in the said valve-box. On the completion of the induction stroke the cam p has moved to allow the roller q to run on the concentric part p of the cam, the valve being suddenly moved down under the action of the springs. In order to prevent noise and undue wear of the valve owing to its sudden closing upon its seat, the lower end of the cylindrical extension of the said valve is made solid, so that the air compressed in the space i beneath the said extension will serve as a cushion, a small hole or aperture being formed in a well-known manner to allow the air to escape.

u is the vaporizing chamber and igniter, which is arranged partly within the combustion-chamber d and partly without the same,

the part without being, as shown in the drawi ings, provided with internal ribs et u and being heated for starting the engine by the llame of a lamp arranged in any suitablej manner. After the engine has been running for a short time the part of the chamber u within the combustion-chamber CZ will be sufficiently heated to serve as the igniter.

n is the shield,which I place around the portion of the vaporizing-chamber and igni ter u within the combustion-chamber CZ for the purpose of preventing the air entering the combustion-chamber from impinging` against the walls of the chamberu and so cooling the same. The said shield n is placed at a slight distance from the chamber u in order to alord a space into which the gases can penetrate. V

w w indicate, respectively, the barrel and plunger of the pump, which I employ for injecting the liquid hydrocarbon into the va` poriziug-cham ber u, the said pump being fixed upon the outwardly-extending portion of the said vaporizer and delivering directly into the end of the same in the direction of its axis. This pump is not provided with a valve, but is constructed as follows and as shown in Fig. --that is to say: inthe end of the plunger is formed for a short distance a passage which terminates in a cross-passage as shown most clearly in Fig. 6. Around the barrel w of the pump is formed a chamber y, and around a portion of the plunger of the pump is formed a space y which communicates with the chamber y through a passage y2, the said space being kept constantly filled with oil under a slight head or pressure.

When using light petroleum or parafline oil, the chamber y may be used as a waterjacket, the oil entertng the passage y2 from an outside reservoir. With this arrangement when the plunger is in its lowest position the cross-passage fr is in the Spacey', so that the oil can iiow from the latter into the passage :c and fill the space above the plunger. Immediately the upward movement of the plunger commences the passage cc is moved into the part of the pump-barrel which the plun ger lits, so that the return of oil through the passage .r' is prevented, the result bein gthat the oil above the plunger is injected into the vaporizer u. by any suitable means. As shown, it is arranged to be operated by the impingement ol' a lever z, carrying a roller s', acted upon by an eccentric or cam z2, a spring being arranged to move the plunger in the reverse direction, as shown.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In an explosive engine the combination with the combustion chamber, of a Vaporizing device communicating interiorly with a supply of liquid, an air inlet adjacent to the exterior of said vaporizing device, and a shield surrounding said vaporizin g device and located between it and the air inlet, substantially as described.

2. In an explosive engine, the combination with the combustion chamber, of an air heating chamber separate therefrom and surrounding said combustion chamber, an air inlet for said air heating chamber communicating with the atmosphere, an air passage connecting said air chamber and said combustion chamber, a vaporizing device extending into the combustion chamber and communicating interiorly with a supply of liquid, and a shield surrounding said vaporizingdevice between it and said air passage, substantially as described.

3. In an explosive engine the combination with the combustion chamber and the vaporizing chamber, of a liquid supplying device comprising the liquid supply passage, a plunger located therein havinga longitudinal aperture in its end and a cross passage communicating therewith ata distance from its end, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I, the said WILLIAM EDWARD GIBBON, have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of March, 1805.

WILLIAM EDWARD GIBBON.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH LEE, EDMD. WADE.

The plunger may be operated IOC 

